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对存储过程进行加密和解密(SQL 2008/SQL 2012)
阅读量:6702 次
发布时间:2019-06-25

本文共 13374 字,大约阅读时间需要 44 分钟。

 

开始:


 在网络上,看到有SQL Server 2000和SQL Server 2005 的存储过程加密和解密的方法,后来分析了其中的代码,发现它们的原理都是一样的。后来自己根据实际的应用环境,编写了两个存储过程,一个加密存储过程(sp_EncryptObject),和一个解密存储过程(sp_EncryptObject),它们可以应用于SQL Server中的储过程,函数,视图,以及触发器。

感觉这两个存储过程蛮有意思的,拿来与大家分享;如果你看过类似的,就当作重温一下也好。

 

用于加密的存储过程 (sp_EncryptObject) :


 存储过程(sp_EncryptObject)加密的方法是在存储过程,函数,视图的“As”位置前加上“with encryption”;如果是触发器,就在“for”位置前加“with encryption”。

如果触发器是{ AFTER | INSTEAD OF} 需要修改下面代码"For"位置:

if objectproperty(object_id(@Object),'ExecIsAfterTrigger')=0 set @Replace='As' ; else set @Replace='For ';

存储过程完成代码:

View Code
Use masterGoif object_ID('[sp_EncryptObject]') is not null    Drop Procedure [sp_EncryptObject]Gocreate procedure sp_EncryptObject (    @Object sysname='All')as/*    当@Object=All的时候,对所有的函数,存储过程,视图和触发器进行加密    调用方法:    1. Execute sp_EncryptObject 'All'    2. Execute sp_EncryptObject 'ObjectName'*/begin    set nocount on        if @Object <>'All'    begin        if not exists(select 1 from sys.objects a where a.object_id=object_id(@Object) And a.type in('P','V','TR','FN','IF','TF'))        begin            --SQL Server 2008            raiserror 50001 N'无效的加密对象!加密对象必须是函数,存储过程,视图或触发器。'            --SQL Server 2012            --throw 50001, N'无效的加密对象!加密对象必须是函数,存储过程,视图或触发器。',1              return        end                if exists(select 1 from sys.sql_modules a where a.object_id=object_id(@Object) and a.definition is null)        begin            --SQL Server 2008            raiserror 50001 N'对象已经加密!'            --SQL Server 2012            --throw 50001, N'对象已经加密!',1              return        end    end        declare @sql nvarchar(max),@C1 nchar(1),@C2 nchar(1),@type nvarchar(50),@Replace nvarchar(50)    set @C1=nchar(13)    set @C2=nchar(10)            declare cur_Object         cursor for             select object_name(a.object_id) As ObjectName,a.definition                 from sys.sql_modules a                      inner join sys.objects b on b.object_id=a.object_id                        and b.is_ms_shipped=0                        and not exists(select 1                                             from sys.extended_properties x                                            where x.major_id=b.object_id                                                and x.minor_id=0                                                and x.class=1                                                and x.name='microsoft_database_tools_support'                                        )                where b.type in('P','V','TR','FN','IF','TF')                    and (b.name=@Object or @Object='All')                    and b.name <>'sp_EncryptObject'                    and a.definition is not null                                    order by Case                             when b.type ='V' then 1                             when b.type ='TR' then 2                            when b.type in('FN','IF','TF') then 3                             else 4 end,b.create_date,b.object_id                    open cur_Object    fetch next from cur_Object into @Object,@sql    while @@fetch_status=0    begin                Begin Try                                 if objectproperty(object_id(@Object),'ExecIsAfterTrigger')=0 set @Replace='As' ; else set @Replace='For ';                            if (patindex('%'+@C1+@C2+@Replace+@C1+@C2+'%',@sql)>0)            begin                set @sql=Replace(@sql,@C1+@C2+@Replace+@C1+@C2,@C1+@C2+'With Encryption'+@C1+@C2+@Replace+@C1+@C2)            end            else if(patindex('%'+@C1+@Replace+@C1+'%',@sql)>0)            begin                 set @sql=Replace(@sql,@C1+@Replace+@C1,@C1+'With Encryption'+@C1+@Replace+@C1)            end            else if(patindex('%'+@C2+@Replace+@C2+'%',@sql)>0)            begin                 set @sql=Replace(@sql,@C2+@Replace+@C2,@C2+'With Encryption'+@C2+@Replace+@C2)            end            else if(patindex('%'+@C2+@Replace+@C1+'%',@sql)>0)            begin                 set @sql=Replace(@sql,@C2+@Replace+@C1,@C1+'With Encryption'+@C2+@Replace+@C1)            end            else if(patindex('%'+@C1+@C2+@Replace+'%',@sql)>0)            begin                 set @sql=Replace(@sql,@C1+@C2+@Replace,@C1+@C2+'With Encryption'+@C1+@C2+@Replace)            end            else if(patindex('%'+@C1+@Replace+'%',@sql)>0)            begin                 set @sql=Replace(@sql,@C1+@Replace,@C1+'With Encryption'+@C1+@Replace)            end            else if(patindex('%'+@C2+@Replace+'%',@sql)>0)            begin                 set @sql=Replace(@sql,@C2+@Replace,@C2+'With Encryption'+@C2+@Replace)            end                                set @type =                case                     when object_id(@Object,'P')>0 then 'Proc'                    when object_id(@Object,'V')>0 then 'View'                    when object_id(@Object,'TR')>0  then 'Trigger'                    when object_id(@Object,'FN')>0 or object_id(@Object,'IF')>0 or object_id(@Object,'TF')>0 then 'Function'                end            set @sql=Replace(@sql,'Create '+@type,'Alter '+@type)                        Begin Transaction            exec(@sql)                        print N'已完成加密对象('+@type+'):'+@Object                        Commit Transaction                    End Try        Begin Catch            Declare @Error nvarchar(2047)            Set @Error='Object: '+@Object+@C1+@C2+'Error: '+Error_message()            Rollback Transaction                      print @Error            print @sql           End Catch                            fetch next from cur_Object into @Object,@sql            end        close cur_Object    deallocate cur_Object        end Goexec sp_ms_marksystemobject 'sp_EncryptObject' --标识为系统对象go

如果SQL Server 2012,请修改下面两个位置的代码。在SQL Server 2012,建议在使用throw来代替raiserror。

 

 

 

解密方法:


 解密过程,最重要采用异或方法:

[字符1]经过函数 fn_x(x)加密变成[加密后字符1],如果我们已知[加密后字符1],反过来查[字符1],可以这样:

[字符1]  =  [字符2]  ^  fn_x([字符2])  ^  [加密后字符1]

 

这里我列举一个简单的例子:

--创建加密函数(fn_x)if object_id('fn_x') is not null drop function fn_xgocreate function fn_x(    @x nchar(1))returns nchar(1)asbeginreturn(nchar((65535-unicode(@x))))endgodeclare @nchar_1_encrypt nchar(1),@nchar_2 nchar(1)--对字符'A'进行加密,存入变量@nchar_1_encryptset @nchar_1_encrypt=dbo.fn_x(N'A') --參考的字符@nchar_2set @nchar_2='x' --算出@nchar_1_encrypt 加密前的字符select nchar(unicode(@nchar_2)^unicode(dbo.fn_x(@nchar_2))^unicode(@nchar_1_encrypt)) as [@nchar_1]/*@nchar_1--------------------A*/

 

[注]:  从SQL Server 2000至 SQL Server 2012 采用异或方法都可以解密

 

用于解密的存储过程(sp_DecryptObject):


 

View Code
Use masterGoif object_ID('[sp_DecryptObject]') is not null    Drop Procedure [sp_DecryptObject]Gocreate procedure sp_DecryptObject (    @Object sysname,    --要解密的对象名:函数,存储过程,视图或触发器    @MaxLength int=4000 --评估内容的长度)asset nocount on/* 1. 解密 */ if not exists(select 1 from sys.objects a where a.object_id=object_id(@Object) And a.type in('P','V','TR','FN','IF','TF'))begin    --SQL Server 2008    raiserror 50001 N'无效的对象!要解密的对象必须是函数,存储过程,视图或触发器。'     --SQL Server 2012    --throw 50001, N'无效的对象!要解密的对象必须是函数,存储过程,视图或触发器。',1       returnend if exists(select 1 from sys.sql_modules a where a.object_id=object_id(@Object) and a.definition is not null)begin    --SQL Server 2008    raiserror 50001 N'对象没有加密!'     --SQL Server 2012    --throw 50001, N'无效的对象!要解密的对象必须是函数,存储过程,视图或触发器。',1     returnend declare  @sql nvarchar(max)                --解密出来的SQL语句        ,@imageval nvarchar(max)        --加密字符串        ,@tmpStr nvarchar(max)            --临时SQL语句        ,@tmpStr_imageval nvarchar(max) --临时SQL语句(加密后)        ,@type char(2)                    --对象类型('P','V','TR','FN','IF','TF')        ,@objectID int                    --对象ID        ,@i int                            --While循环使用        ,@Oject1 nvarchar(1000) set @objectID=object_id(@Object)set @type=(select a.type from sys.objects a where a.object_id=@objectID) declare @Space4000 nchar(4000)set @Space4000=replicate('-',4000) /*@tmpStr 会构造下面的SQL语句-------------------------------------------------------------------------------alter trigger Tr_Name on Table_Name with encryption for update as return /**/alter proc Proc_Name with encryption  as select 1 as col /**/alter view View_Name with encryption as select 1 as col /**/alter function Fn_Name() returns int with encryption as begin return(0) end/**/*/set @Oject1=quotename(object_schema_name(@objectID))+'.'+quotename(@Object)set @tmpStr=        case                 when @type ='P ' then N'Alter Procedure '+@Oject1+' with encryption as select 1 as column1 '            when @type ='V ' then N'Alter View '+@Oject1+' with encryption as select 1 as column1 '            when @type ='FN' then N'Alter Function '+@Oject1+'() returns int with encryption as begin return(0) end '            when @type ='IF' then N'Alter Function '+@Oject1+'() returns table with encryption as return(Select a.name from sys.types a) '            when @type ='TF' then N'Alter Function '+@Oject1+'() returns @t table(name nvarchar(50)) with encryption as begin return end '            else 'Alter Trigger '+@Oject1+'on '+quotename(object_schema_name(@objectID))+'.'+(select Top(1) quotename(object_name(parent_id)) from sys.triggers a where a.object_id=@objectID)+' with encryption for update as return '         end             set @tmpStr=@tmpStr+'/*'+@Space4000set @i=0while @i < (ceiling(@MaxLength*1.0/4000)-1)begin    set @tmpStr=@tmpStr+ @Space4000    Set @i=@i+1endset @tmpStr=@tmpStr+'*/' ------------set @imageval =(select top(1) a.imageval from sys.sysobjvalues a where a.objid=@objectID and a.valclass=1) begin tranexec(@tmpStr)set @tmpStr_imageval =(select top(1) a.imageval from sys.sysobjvalues a where a.objid=@objectID and a.valclass=1) rollback tran -------------set @tmpStr=stuff(@tmpStr,1,5,'create')set @sql=''set @i=1while @i<= (datalength(@imageval)/2)begin    set @sql=@sql+isnull(nchar(unicode(substring(@tmpStr,@i,1)) ^ unicode(substring(@tmpStr_imageval,@i,1))^unicode(substring(@imageval,@i,1)) ),'')    Set @i+=1end /* 2. 列印 */  declare @patindex int    while @sql>''begin        set @patindex=patindex('%'+char(13)+char(10)+'%',@sql)    if @patindex >0    begin        print substring(@sql,1,@patindex-1)        set @sql=stuff(@sql,1,@patindex+1,'')    end        else     begin        set @patindex=patindex('%'+char(13)+'%',@sql)        if @patindex >0        begin            print substring(@sql,1,@patindex-1)            set @sql=stuff(@sql,1,@patindex,'')        end        else        begin            set @patindex=patindex('%'+char(10)+'%',@sql)            if @patindex >0            begin                print substring(@sql,1,@patindex-1)                set @sql=stuff(@sql,1,@patindex,'')            end                    else            begin                print @sql                set @sql=''            end            end            end        end Goexec sp_ms_marksystemobject 'sp_DecryptObject' --标识为系统对象go

 如果SQL Server 2012,请修改下面两个位置的代码。方法类似于前面的加密过程:

 

 

 

搭建测试环境:


在一个测试环境中(DB: Test),先执行上面的加密存储过程(sp_EncryptObject)和解密存储过程(sp_EncryptObject);再创建两个表:TableA & TableB

use testgo--创建表: TableA & TableBif object_id('myTableA') is not null drop table myTableAif object_id('myTableB') is not null drop table myTableBgocreate table myTableA (ID int identity,data nvarchar(50),constraint PK_myTableA primary key(ID))create table myTableB (ID int ,data nvarchar(50),constraint PK_myTableB primary key(ID))go

接下来,我们要创建6个未加密的对象(对象类型包含 'P','V','TR','FN','IF','TF'):

 1.视图(myView):

View Code
if object_id('myView') is not null drop view myViewgocreate view myViewAsselect * from TableA;go

2.触发器(MyTrigger):

View Code
if object_id('MyTrigger') is not null drop Trigger MyTriggergocreate trigger MyTrigger on TableA  for update  As insert into TableB(ID,data) select a.ID,a.Data From Inserted ago

3.存储过程(MyProc):

View Code
if object_id('MyProc') is not null drop proc MyProcgocreate proc MyProc (  @data nvarchar(50))Asinsert into TableA(data) values(@data)go

4.用户定义表值函数(TF)(MyFunction_TF):

View Code
if object_id('MyFunction_TF') is not null drop function MyFunction_TFgocreate function MyFunction_TF ()returns  @t table(    id int,    data nvarchar(50))Asbegininsert @t(id,data) select id,data from TableAreturnendgo

5.内联表值函数(IF) (MyFunction_IF):

View Code
if object_id('MyFunction_IF') is not null drop function MyFunction_IFgocreate function MyFunction_IF ()returns tableAsreturn(select top(3) id, data from TableA order by id desc)go

6.标量函数(FN)(MyFunction_FN):

View Code
if object_id('MyFunction_FN') is not null drop function MyFunction_FNgocreate function MyFunction_FN ()returns nvarchar(50)Asbeginreturn(select top(1) data from TableA order by id desc)endgo

 

 当执行完了上面的1-6步骤的脚本,我们通过查询系统视图sys.sql_modules,可以看到未加密前的定义信息:

select b.name as object,b.type,a.definition    from sys.sql_modules a         inner join sys.objects b on b.object_id=a.object_id        where b.create_date>=convert(date,getdate())        order by b.object_id

 

加密测试:


 

下面我就通过调用加密存储过程(sp_EncryptObject),一次性对它们进行加密:

use testgoexec sp_EncryptObject 'all'go

当我们再查回系统视图sys.sql_modules,会发现definition列返回的是null值,说明定义内容已经给加密:

 

 解密测试:


 

解密过程,必须在DAC连接SQL Server,我们这里例子是从 SSMS(SQL Server Management Studio) 查询编辑器启动 DAC,如图:

 

解密存储过程(sp_DecryptObject),只能一次对一个存储过程、函数、视图或触发器,进行解密:

use testgoexec sp_DecryptObject MyTriggergo

 

当定义内容长度超过4000,我们可以指定@MaxLength的值,如:

exec sp_DecryptObject fn_My,20000go

这里(fn_My)是一个函数,定义内容超过了8000:

... ...

 

小结:


 

虽然,上面的脚本,我已经在SQL Server 2008 R2 和SQL Server 2012测试过,但无法避免一些未知错误 。如果你自己在测试上面的脚本,请不要在生产环境上。如果你在应用过程,碰到有什么问题或有什么意见和建议可以发email联系我或跟帖,在此非常感谢!

 

 

 

 

转载地址:http://dbgoo.baihongyu.com/

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